Which of the following is a standard exception on a title commitment?

A standard exception on a title commitment is something that is commonly excluded from coverage unless specifically addressed by the title insurer. The correct choice indicates that encroachments and boundary line disputes are typically included as standard exceptions.

This is due to the nature of these issues, which often arise from the physical circumstances of the property and neighbor properties. Encroachments can occur when a structure, such as a fence or a building, extends beyond the property boundary into a neighboring property, and boundary line disputes come from disagreements between property owners about where their borders lie.

These issues can be more difficult to identify through a title search as they may not be recorded and can depend on surveys or physical inspections. Thus, they are regularly excepted from standard title insurance coverage because they require further investigation and might lead to legal disputes or additional claims not necessarily reflected on the title itself.

The other options pertain to different legal and operational aspects of property rights and claims. For instance, defective judicial proceedings might not be commonplace enough to be labeled a standard exception, while governmental police powers pertain to a government's ability to enact regulations impacting property but are not seen as standard exceptions. Similarly, documents executed under a false power of attorney relate to fraud concerns, which are also not part