What is NOT included in involuntary liens?

Involuntary liens are legal claims against a property that are not created by the property owner's actions. They arise due to external factors or actions, such as debts or legal obligations.

Taxes and assessments are classic examples of involuntary liens because they are imposed by government entities without the property owner's consent when they fail to pay taxes. Judgment liens and mechanics liens are also typically classified as involuntary. Judgment liens result from court decisions in favor of a creditor, while mechanics liens come from unpaid work or materials provided for property improvements, both of which occur despite the property owner's will or intent.

In contrast, UCC financing statements do not qualify as involuntary liens. Instead, they are a form of voluntary security interest filed under the Uniform Commercial Code to protect lenders in transactions involving personal property. Since the property owner consents to the terms of the transaction, the lien attached through the UCC financing statement is considered voluntary and thus does not fit within the category of involuntary liens. Understanding these distinctions is crucial when assessing property rights and liabilities, especially in real estate transactions.