A metes and bounds description characterizes land by what parameters?

A metes and bounds description is a method used to define the boundaries of a parcel of land. It relies on physical features of the geography and measurements to describe the boundaries precisely. This is achieved through the use of distances (metes) and angles or directions (bounds) that detail the perimeter of the property.

By specifying distances, which usually are measured in feet or meters, along with angles or compass directions, metes and bounds provides a comprehensive and precise delineation of a property's dimensions and shape. This method is particularly beneficial in areas where a standard rectangular or square lot description (like a lot and block system) may not be applicable due to irregular land shapes.

In contrast, options involving property lines and ownership history, land use and zoning, or survey date and certification encompass aspects of land ownership and management but do not convey the specific geometric information necessary to define the physical boundaries of a property, which is the core function of a metes and bounds description. Thus, distances and angles serve as the fundamental parameters in this particular land description method.